MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -As shown in the figure, the aorta and arteries have the highest blood pressure. The mean aortic pressure (solid red line) is about 90 mmHg in a resting individual with normal arterial pressures. The mean blood pressure does not fall very much as the blood flows down the aorta and through large distributing arteries.

Detailed explanation-2: -Systolic – is the highest pressure against the arteries as the heart pumps. The normal systolic pressure is usually between 110 and 130mmHg. Diastolic – is the pressure against the arteries as the heart relaxes and fills with blood.

Detailed explanation-3: -Blood vessels include arteries, capillaries, and veins. Arteries carry blood away from the heart and can divide into large and small arteries. Large arteries receive the highest pressure of blood flow and are thicker and more elastic to accommodate the high pressures.

Detailed explanation-4: -The reason for this difference in perfusion pressure is that the systemic vessels offer much more friction against blood flow (i.e., have a much higher resistance) than do the pulmonary vessels. For this reason, the systemic circulation is referred to as the high-pressure, high-resistance side of the circulation.