MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Dendrites are extensions, or processes, of the cytoplasm that carry impulses to the cell body. An extension or process called an axon carries impulses away from the cell body. Nervous tissue also includes cells that do not transmit impulses, but instead support the activities of the neurons.

Detailed explanation-2: -The axon arises from the soma at a region called the axon hillock, or initial segment. This is the region where the plasma membrane generates nerve impulses; the axon conducts these impulses away from the soma or dendrites toward other neurons.

Detailed explanation-3: -Within a neuron, the impulse moves to the tip of an axon and causes the release of neurotransmitters, chemicals that act as messengers. Neurotransmitters pass through the synapse, the gap between two nerve cells, and attach to receptors on the receiving cell.