MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The brainstem is the structure that connects the cerebrum of the brain to the spinal cord and cerebellum. It is composed of three sections in descending order: the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.

Detailed explanation-2: -The brain stem is the lower part of the brain that’s connected to the spinal cord (part of the central nervous system in the spinal column). The brain stem is responsible for regulating most of the body’s automatic functions that are essential for life. These include: breathing.

Detailed explanation-3: -The metencephalon includes the pons and the cerebellum. The myelencephalon (spinal cord-like) includes the open and closed medulla, sensory and motor nuclei, projection of sensory and motor pathways, and some cranial nerve nuclei.

Detailed explanation-4: -The named parts, from cranial to caudal, comprise the midbrain (mesencephalon), pons (metencephalon), and medulla oblongata (myelencephalon). Functions include regulation of the cardiac, respiratory, and central nervous systems including consciousness and the sleep cycle.