MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Microglia are the brain’s main phagocytes (cells capable of engulfing and digesting large extracellular particles), and protect the brain by phagocytosing bacteria, aggregated proteins and cellular debris (Galloway et al., 2019; Vilalta & Brown, 2018; Wolf et al., 2017).

Detailed explanation-2: -Macrophages are effector cells of the innate immune system that phagocytose bacteria and secrete both pro-inflammatory and antimicrobial mediators.

Detailed explanation-3: -As the primary resident phagocytes of the CNS, microglia play an important role in preventing the accumulation of this toxic protein through both phagocytosis and the production of degrading intra-and extracellular enzymes (149).