MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Phrenology was effectively debunked in the early-to mid-1800s by renowned French physician Marie Jean Pierre Flourens, who rejected that there was a correlation between lumps on the skull and the underlying shape of the brain.

Detailed explanation-2: -How did the scientific method change the way scientists worked beginning in the 16th century? 3. It encouraged them to rely on observation and experimentation to support their conclusions.

Detailed explanation-3: -In all textbooks of the western world, the Italian physicist Galileo Galilee ( 1564–1642) is presented as the father of this scientific method.

Detailed explanation-4: -Aristotle pioneered scientific method in ancient Greece alongside his empirical biology and his work on logic, rejecting a purely deductive framework in favour of generalisations made from observations of nature.