MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -These vital mechanisms are controlled by one of the brain’s most durable parts–the brain stem. The brain stem is an automatic control center for many such important involuntary actions of the body. And, it is a pathway for impulses travelling back and forth between the body and the rest of the brain.

Detailed explanation-2: -Brainstem: The brainstem comprises the Midbrain, Pons and Medulla oblangata. It emerges from the base of the brain and joins the brain to the spinal cord. The brainstem controls activities such as breathing, heartbeat, sneezing and other involuntary functions.

Detailed explanation-3: -Both involuntary and voluntary actions are controlled by the same parts of the brain. Hindbrain and midbrain control involuntary actions like salivation, vomiting, etc. All the body’s voluntary actions are controlled by the motor cortex in the frontal lobe of the cerebrum.

Detailed explanation-4: -The brain stem is the lower part of the brain that’s connected to the spinal cord (part of the central nervous system in the spinal column). The brain stem is responsible for regulating most of the body’s automatic functions that are essential for life.