PHYSIOLOGY
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
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Question
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Why is the adrenal gland unique in its autonomic innervation?
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It is innervated by parasympathetic cholinergic preganglionic neurons.
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The postganglionic neurons are cholinergic rather than noradrenergic despite being part of the sympathetic nervous system
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The post-synaptic response is mediated via muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
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It is directly innervated by the spinal cord without passing through ganglia.
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Explanation:
Detailed explanation-1: -the adrenal medulla is important to the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system because: it is a source of catecholamines. it is considered a modified sympathetic ganglion. it releases epinephrine and norepinephrine directly into the blood.
Detailed explanation-2: -As previously mentioned, the cells of the adrenal medulla are considered modified sympathetic postganglionic neurons. Instead of a neurotransmitter, these cells release hormones into the blood. Approximately 20% of the hormonal output of the adrenal medulla is norepinephrine. The remaining 80% is epinephrine.
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