MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Metal ion cofactors This list includes manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, and molybdenum. Other organisms require additional metals, such as vanadium and tungsten. The study of these cofactors falls under the area of bioinorganic chemistry.

Detailed explanation-2: -A cofactor is a non-protein chemical compound or metallic ion that is required for an enzyme’s role as a catalyst (a catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction).

Detailed explanation-3: -’Cofactors’ is a term broadly given to molecules that increase the rate of reaction or are required for enzyme function. Metal ions are usually cofactors. Coenzymes are a specific type of helper or partner that are organic molecules required for enzyme function that bind loosely to an enzyme.

Detailed explanation-4: -Coenzyme: A substance that enhances the action of an enzyme. (An enzyme is a protein that functions as a catalyst to mediate and speed a chemical reaction). Coenzymes are small molecules.