Glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, also called hydrocortisone, that during fasting assists in maintaining blood glucose levels by promoting the utilization of fats by increasing the breakdown of protein to amino acids in muscle.

GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY

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Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]

A	hormone
B	cortex
C	cortisol
D	calcitonin

Explanation:

Detailed explanation-1: -Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex. They have pleiotropic effects and contribute substantially to the maintenance of resting and stress-related homeostasis.

Detailed explanation-2: -Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone produced by the zona fasciculata that plays several important roles in the body. It helps control the body’s use of fats, proteins and carbohydrates; suppresses inflammation; regulates blood pressure; increases blood sugar; and can also decrease bone formation.

Detailed explanation-3: -For example, glucocorticoids regulate metabolic activity, immune function, and behavior (84). Circulating glucocorticoid levels increase in response to a variety of stressors under control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.

Detailed explanation-4: -The main action of ACTH on the adrenal cortex is to stimulate the synthesis and release of glucorticoids and androgens via cAMP-dependent mechanisms via a G-protein coupled receptor.

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