MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Inferior vena cava: This large vein delivers oxygen-poor blood from your lower body into your heart’s right atrium. Your great vessels are similar to other blood vessels in your body. The arteries carry blood away from your heart, and the veins carry blood toward your heart.

Detailed explanation-2: -Arteries have smaller lumens than veins, a characteristic that helps to maintain the pressure of blood moving through the system. Together, their thicker walls and smaller diameters give arterial lumens a more rounded appearance in cross section than the lumens of veins.

Detailed explanation-3: -Arteries have thick walls composed of three distinct layers (tunica) Veins have thin walls but typically have wider lumen (lumen size may vary depending on specific artery or vein) Capillaries are very small and will not be easily detected under the same magnification as arteries and veins.

Detailed explanation-4: -Arteries are more muscular and have smaller, rounder lumens (internal spaces) than veins. The artery lumen has a wavy endothelium, or inner lining, due to the configuration of elastic tissue beneath it.

Detailed explanation-5: -The arteriolar lumen regulates the flow of blood through the capillaries. Venules are the smallest veins and receive blood from capillaries. They also play a role in the exchange of oxygen and nutrients for water products. There are post-capillary sphincters located between the capillaries and venules.