MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Aldosterone (ALD) is a hormone your adrenal glands release that helps regulate blood pressure by managing the levels of sodium and potassium in your blood.

Detailed explanation-2: -Aldosterone is controlled by the renin-angiotensin system, while the rest of the adrenal glands’ hormone production is controlled by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).

Detailed explanation-3: -Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, primarily affects the release of glucocorticoids and adrenal androgens by the adrenal gland and, to a much lesser extent, also stimulates aldosterone release.

Detailed explanation-4: -Five classes of steroid hormones are produced in the adrenal cortex: glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, progestins, androgens, and estrogens. However, the amount of progestin, androgen, and estrogen produced by the adrenal is a minor fraction of the total amount of these steroids produced in the body.

Detailed explanation-5: -Aldosterone, a steroid hormone, regulates renal Na+ reabsorption and, therefore, plays an important role in the maintenance of salt and water balance. In a model renal epithelial cell line (A6) we have found that phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) activity is required for aldosterone-stimulated Na+ reabsorption.