MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Myelin is an insulating layer, or sheath that forms around nerves, including those in the brain and spinal cord. It is made up of protein and fatty substances. This myelin sheath allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -Myelin is made by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

Detailed explanation-3: -Glial cells are the key element for supporting the messages neurons send and receive all over the body. Much like the insulation around the wires in electrical systems, glial cells form a membraneous sheath surrounding axons called myelin, thereby insulating the axon.

Detailed explanation-4: -The myelin sheath is a layer of fatty tissue surrounding the axon of a neuron that both acts as an insulator and allows faster transmission of the electrical signal.

Detailed explanation-5: -The bottom layer is the hypodermis. It contains fat cells, or adipose tissue, that insulate the body and help conserve heat.