MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Specialized peripheral sensory neurons known as nociceptors alert us to potentially damaging stimuli at the skin by detecting extremes in temperature and pressure and injury-related chemicals, and transducing these stimuli into long-ranging electrical signals that are relayed to higher brain centers.

Detailed explanation-2: -There are three classes of nociceptors: mechanical nociceptors that respond to strong stimuli and mediate sharp pain; polymodal nociceptors that respond to a variety of stimuli and evoke slow burning pain; and thermal nociceptors that respond to cold and warm stimuli.

Detailed explanation-3: -Descending Modulation of Pain Within the central nervous system, there are three types of opioid receptors which regulate the neurotransmission of pain signals. These receptors are called mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.