MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The thin part of the loop of Henle is lined by simple squamous epithelium. The thin limb is divided into two parts: the ascending and descending limbs. The descending limb is highly permeable to water, but not to salt. Permeability is largely dependent on the concentration of Aquaporin 1 in the epithelium.

Detailed explanation-2: -The thick ascending limb occupies a central anatomic and functional position in human renal physiology, with critical roles in the defense of the extracellular fluid volume, the urinary concentrating mechanism, calcium and magnesium homeostasis, bicarbonate and ammonium homeostasis, and urinary protein composition.

Detailed explanation-3: -The epithelium of the Thick segment is low simple cuboidal epithelium. The epithelium of the Thin segment is simple squamous. They can be distinguished from the vasa recta by the absence of blood, and they can be distinguished from the thick ascending limb by the thickness of the epithelium.