MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -After fertilization, the development of a multicellular organism proceeds by a process called cleavage, a series of mitotic divisions whereby the enormous volume of egg cytoplasm is divided into numerous smaller, nucleated cells. These cleavage-stage cells are called blastomeres .

Detailed explanation-2: -The zygote divides into two cells by mitosis. Then, these cells each divide by mitosis. This process repeats many times to produce the cells in an embryo which develops into a baby.

Detailed explanation-3: -Fertilization establishes the regular diploid number of chromosomes in the zygote. Meiosis occurs over two cycles of cell division, which sperm cells complete before fertilization. Meiosis in the egg cell stops during metaphase of the second cycle.

Detailed explanation-4: -The process of cleavage is the step of embryogenesis where the zygote divides to produce a cluster of cells known as the morula.