MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -cAMP is generated by the enzyme adenylyl cyclase, which is activated or inhibited by the G subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins in response to ligand-activated G-protein-coupled receptors. Here we identified the unique gene (CAC1) encoding adenylyl cyclase in the opportunistic fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans .

Detailed explanation-2: -The Process of cAMP Signaling Pathway During the process, AC is activated by a type of G-alpha, which in turn induces the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into cAMP. The stimulated adenylyl cyclase can produce numerous cAMP molecules to intensify the signal.

Detailed explanation-3: -GTP-bound Gs alpha then binds to and stimulates adenylyl cyclase. Adenylyl cyclase is a membrane-bound enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cAMP.

Detailed explanation-4: -Activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase is reported to inhibit types V and VI adenylyl cyclase, and both of these enzymes contain consensus sequences for this kinase [18].

Detailed explanation-5: -Adenylate cyclase 1 is stimulated by Gs alpha. Strong synergy between Gs alpha and Ca/CaM for adenylate cyclase 1 activation is basis for the co-incident detection of signals between Gs and calcium pathways. Adenylate cyclase 1 is strongly inhibited by G protein betagamma subunits Tang and Gilman (1991).