MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Local activation of thyroxine (T4), to the active form, triiodothyronine (T3), by 5′-deiodinase type 2 (D2) is a key mechanism of TH regulation of metabolism. D2 is expressed in the hypothalamus, white fat, brown adipose tissue (BAT), and skeletal muscle and is required for adaptive thermogenesis.

Detailed explanation-2: -Thyroxine is produced by the thyroid gland, which stimulates the basal metabolic rate. It controls the speed at which oxygen and food products react to release energy for the body to use. Thyroxine plays an important role in growth and development.

Detailed explanation-3: -Thyroxine is the main hormone produced by the thyroid gland which controls the body’s basal metabolic rate (BMR). Every cell in the body depends on thyroid hormones for proper metabolism. Too much thyroxine causes a BMR, that is too high. This leads to Graves’ disease, a condition pertaining to an overactive thyroid.

Detailed explanation-4: -Thyroxine hormone acts as a regulator of the metabolic rate of the body. Its primary function is to stimulate the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in the cells to produce energy. It also plays a role in digestion, brain development, control of muscles, and bone health.

Detailed explanation-5: -The thyroid gland produces thyroxine (referred to as T4), which is a relatively inactive prohormone, and the highly active hormone called triiodothyronine (referred to as T3). Collectively, thyroxine and triiodothyronine are referred to as the thyroid hormones.