MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -So, when an axon is at rest, the anions give it a negative charge, the sodium pumps keep sodium out and potassium in, and the sodium gates and potassium gates are all closed. Because of the positive-negative difference between the inside and outside, this resting state is called a resting potential.

Detailed explanation-2: -A neuron at rest is negatively charged because the inside of a cell is approximately 70 millivolts more negative than the outside (−70 mV); this number varies by neuron type and by species.

Detailed explanation-3: -Each axon has its characteristic resting potential voltage and in each case the inside is negative relative to the outside.

Detailed explanation-4: -The negative charge within the cell is created by the cell membrane being more permeable to potassium ion movement than sodium ion movement. In neurons, potassium ions are maintained at high concentrations within the cell while sodium ions are maintained at high concentrations outside of the cell.

Detailed explanation-5: -At rest, a typical neuron has a resting potential (potential across the membrane) of −60 to −70 millivolts. This means that the interior of the cell is negatively charged relative to the outside.