MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The coronary arteries split into two, main arterial branches from the base of the aorta. They are the left and right coronary arteries: The left coronary artery (LCA) extends along the coronary sulcus and supplies the left portion of the heart.

Detailed explanation-2: -There are two primary coronary arteries, the right coronary artery (RCA) and the left main coronary artery (LMCA). Both of these originate from the root of the aorta. The RCA emerges from the anterior ascending aorta and supplies blood primarily to the right atrium, right ventricle.

Detailed explanation-3: -The left coronary artery, which branches into the left anterior descending artery and the circumflex artery, supplies blood to the left side of the heart.

Detailed explanation-4: -Under resting conditions, coronary blood flow remains constant between mean arterial pressures of 60–140 mm Hg. Beyond this range, flow becomes pressure-dependent. Probable mechanisms include the myogenic response to intraluminal pressure changes (fast) and metabolic regulation (slow).