MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Progesterone and estrogen cause the lining of the uterus to thicken more, to prepare for possible fertilization.

Detailed explanation-2: -Two hormones produced from the ovaries thicken and prepare the uterine lining for implantation. Estrogen causes the thin uterine lining to thicken. Progesterone causes the thickened uterine lining to develop the characteristics needed for implantation.

Detailed explanation-3: -These findings suggest that progesterone supplementation may affect pregnancy rates in IVF by increasing endometrial thickness, thereby enhancing receptivity for implantation.

Detailed explanation-4: -If the egg is fertilised, progesterone stimulates the growth of blood vessels that supply the lining of the womb (endometrium) and stimulates glands in the endometrium to secrete nutrients that nourish the early embryo.

Detailed explanation-5: -In the healthy endometrium, progesterone and estrogen signaling coordinate in a tightly regulated, dynamic interplay to drive a normal menstrual cycle and promote an embryo-receptive state to allow implantation during the window of receptivity.