NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Anthocerotophyta, along with Bryophyta and Hepatophyta, are sometimes jointly called “bryophytes” since earlier classification systems placed them in a single phylum. All three of these phyla are said to have the gametophyte generation as the “dominant” generation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Anthocerotophyta have a dominant gametophyte generation. Gametophytes produce archegonia and/or antheridia and the embryo develops within the archegonium. Sporophytes remain attached to the gametophyte and produce spores by meiosis over a prolonged period of time, with the youngest spores at the base.

Detailed explanation-3: -Hornworts, Phylum Anthocerotophyta. The name Anthocerotophyta means ‘horn flower plant’. These strange plants, called the hornworts, get their name from the horn-like sporophytes they produce. Hornworts have a flattened thalloid gametophyte, out of which grow their long photosynthetic sporophytes (Figure 6.2.

Detailed explanation-4: -Anthocerotophyta is the least diverse phylum of the bryophytes, however its distribution is widespread, with Antarctica being the only continent in which they are not found.

Detailed explanation-5: -Nonvascular plants include mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. They are the only plants with a life cycle in which the gametophyte generation is dominant.