NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Diploid sporophyte cells undergo meiosis to produce haploid spores. Each spore goes through mitotic divisions to yield a multicellular, haploid gametophyte. Mitotic divisions within the gametophyte are required to produce the gametes. The diploid sporophyte results from the fusion of two gametes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Alternation of generations means that plants alternate between two different life stages, or generations, in their life cycle; a haploid stage called gametophyte and a diploid stage called sporophyte.

Detailed explanation-3: -The sexual phase, called the gametophyte generation, produces gametes, or sex cells, and the asexual phase, or sporophyte generation, produces spores asexually. In terms of chromosomes, the gametophyte is haploid (has a single set of chromosomes), and the sporophyte is diploid (has a double set).

Detailed explanation-4: -Sporophytes are plant generations that produce spores. Spores are produced by algae, bryophytes, angiosperms, and gymnosperms. A spore is a tiny structure that, after germination, gives rise to a new plant. Spores are classified into two types: mitotic spores and meiotic spores.

Detailed explanation-5: -The haploid phase is termed the gametophyte while the diploid phase is called the sporophyte. In lower plants such as mosses and liverworts, the gametophyte is the dominant more developed generation, while in vascular plants the dominant generation is the sporophyte.