NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Reproduction in Polytrichum: Polytrichum reproduces both by vegetative and sexual methods. The protonema multiplies by the separation of its branches, which may grow into few protonemata. Often colourless separation cells appear and break the protonema into several filaments.

Detailed explanation-2: -The gamete-producing organs appear at the tips of the stems, in structures (antheridia) that produce many mobile (flagellated) sperm on the male plants and structures (archegonia) on the female plants in which are produced a single, immobile egg.

Detailed explanation-3: -The sporophyte body comprises a long stalk, called a seta, and a capsule capped by a cap called the operculum. The capsule and operculum are in turn sheathed by a haploid calyptra which is the remains of the archegonial venter. The calyptra usually falls off when the capsule is mature.