NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Autotrophic bacteria synthesize their own food. They derive energy from light or chemical reactions. They utilize simple inorganic compounds like carbon dioxide, water, hydrogen sulfide, etc. and convert them into organic compounds like carbohydrates, proteins, etc. to supplement their energy requirements.

Detailed explanation-2: -Algae, along with plants and some bacteria and fungi, are autotrophs. Autotrophs are the producers in the food chain, meaning they create their own nutrients and energy. Kelp, like most autotrophs, creates energy through a process called photosynthesis.

Detailed explanation-3: -Autotrophy is the ability of an organism to produce organic molecules using inorganic compounds as “fuel.” The most common pathway described for carbon assimilation in these organisms is the reductive pentose phosphate cycle (PPC), which is also known as the Calvin–Benson cycle.

Detailed explanation-4: -Thus the organisms which can manufacture organic food materials from simple inorganic substances are called autotrophs. Examples are plants, algae, bacteria etc.

Detailed explanation-5: -Bacteria can be both autotrophic and heterotrophic. Autotrophic bacteria such as Cyanobacteria and Rhodospirillum contain pigment-containing vesicles called ‘chromatophores’. These vesicles contain carotenoids and bacteriochlorophyll that help in photosynthesis.