NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Sporulation is usually triggered by adverse environmental conditions, so as to help the survival of the bacterium. Endospores exhibit no signs of life and can thus be described as cryptobiotic. Endospores retain viability indefinitely and they can germinate into vegetative cells under the appropriate conditions.

Detailed explanation-2: -It allows the bacterium to produce a dormant and highly resistant cell to preserve the cell’s genetic material in times of extreme stress. Endospores can survive environmental assaults that would normally kill the bacterium.

Detailed explanation-3: -Endospores are formed in response to unfavorable growth conditions in the bacterial environment, most commonly induced by the limitation of nutrients. Sporulation, however, is not the first response of the bacterial cell to nutrient depletion.

Detailed explanation-4: -Some bacteria produce a special type of spore called an endospore, which can withstand such extremes as boiling and freezing temperatures, and ultraviolet radiation. These bacterial endospores often endure many years of hardship before they find the growth conditions necessary for germination.

Detailed explanation-5: -Spores are structures with resistant coverings found in organisms like fungi. They are asexually reproductive bodies. They can survive unfavorable conditions. When suitable conditions with sufficient moisture and temperature return, the spores germinate to form new individuals.