NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Malaria is an acute febrile illness caused by Plasmodium parasites, which are spread to people through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. There are 5 parasite species that cause malaria in humans, and 2 of these species – P. falciparum and P. vivax – pose the greatest threat.

Detailed explanation-2: -The malaria parasite life cycle involves two hosts. During a blood meal, a malaria-infected female Anopheles mosquito inoculates sporozoites into the human host . Sporozoites infect liver cells and mature into schizonts, which rupture and release merozoites .

Detailed explanation-3: -How is malaria transmitted? Usually, people get malaria by being bitten by an infective female Anopheles mosquito. Only Anopheles mosquitoes can transmit malaria and they must have been infected through a previous blood meal taken from an infected person.

Detailed explanation-4: -The abbreviation, spp, is botanical shorthand for multiple species. So, if you see “Paspalum spp.” it means that the reference is for more than one Paspalum species. A similar and likely more familiar shorthand is the abbreviation, p, for page and, pp, for pages.

Detailed explanation-5: -Malaria parasites are transmitted to human hosts by female mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles. A diverse group of Anopheles (30 to 40 species) serves as vectors of human disease.