NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -After arriving at the liver, Plasmodium forces its way into liver cells, stealing a bit of the cell membrane to form a small pouch inside the cell. This pouch, called a vacuole, provides a safe harbor while the parasite grows and divides, stealing nutrients and proteins from the host cell along the way.

Detailed explanation-2: -The malaria parasite life cycle involves two hosts. During a blood meal, a malaria-infected female Anopheles mosquito inoculates sporozoites into the human host . Sporozoites infect liver cells and mature into schizonts, which rupture and release merozoites .

Detailed explanation-3: -Sporozoites are released from the mosquito salivary glands and carried by the blood flow to the liver sinusoid. In the sinusoid, sporozoites leave the blood circulation by crossing the sinusoidal cell layer to infect hepatocytes, the site for their development into the erythrocyte-invasive forms.

Detailed explanation-4: -Plasmodium falciparum, the most virulent of the human malaria parasites, causes up to one million deaths per year. The parasite spends part of its lifecycle inside the red blood cells (RBCs) of its host. As it grows it ingests the RBC cytoplasm, digesting it in an acidic vacuole.