NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Endospore formation is usually triggered by a lack of nutrients, and usually occurs in gram-positive bacteria. In endospore formation, the bacterium divides within its cell wall, and one side then engulfs the other. Endospores enable bacteria to lie dormant for extended periods, even centuries.

Detailed explanation-2: -The process that leads to the formation of endospores is called sporulation. In the process of sporulation, vegetative cells will become non-growing structures that resist heat and are light-refractive.

Detailed explanation-3: -Spore-forming bacteria include Bacillus (aerobic) and Clostridium (anaerobic) species. The spores of these species are dormant bodies that carry all the genetic material as is found in the vegetative form, but do not have an active metabolism.

Detailed explanation-4: -Endospore formation (sporulation) is the prime example of a complex bacterial developmental process. Sporulating bacteria undergo an intricate sequence of cell differentiation events leading to the formation of a highly resistant dormant spore that can germinate when conditions improve.