NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Autotrophic microorganisms exist in certain special conditions on Earth in which plants cannot live, and they assimilate CO2 into biomass driven by solar energy or chemical energy produced by oxidizing inorganic substance in a more direct and rapid way.

Detailed explanation-2: -Bacteria are prokaryotes. They are unicellular organisms that lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound cell organelles. Bacteria can be both autotrophic and heterotrophic. Autotrophic bacteria such as Cyanobacteria and Rhodospirillum contain pigment-containing vesicles called ‘chromatophores’.

Detailed explanation-3: -Examples include green sulphur bacteria, purple sulphur bacteria, purple non-sulphur bacteria, phototrophic acidobacteria and heliobacteria, FAPs (filamentous anoxygenic phototrophs).

Detailed explanation-4: -The autotrophic bacteria examples included in this category are Nostoc, Anabaena, etc. Anaerobic Photosynthetic Bacteria: The most common example of photosynthetic bacteria is anaerobic photosynthetic bacteria. Instead of water they use hydrogen sulphide or thiosulphate as a reducing agent.

Detailed explanation-5: -Autotrophs are organisms that produce complex organic compounds (such as fat, carbohydrates or proteins) from simple substances that are found it the surroundings generally by using light from photosynthesis. These organisms make their own food by “fixing” carbon dioxide-basically they self-feed.