NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The first step in DNA replication is to ‘unzip’ the double helix structure of the DNA? molecule. This is carried out by an enzyme? called helicase which breaks the hydrogen bonds? holding the complementary? bases? of DNA together (A with T, C with G).

Detailed explanation-2: -A key step in this process is the formation of a so-called replication fork. This is where the DNA helix becomes unzipped into two single strands, which is performed by an enzyme called a helicase.

Detailed explanation-3: -DNA helicases catalyze the disruption of the hydrogen bonds that hold the two strands of double-stranded DNA together. This energy-requiring unwinding reaction results in the formation of the single-stranded DNA required as a template or reaction intermediate in DNA replication, repair and recombination.

Detailed explanation-4: -An enzyme called RNA polymerase travels along the DNA, unzipping its two strands. The molecule then copies one of the strands of DNA into a strand of RNA. This animation brings the process to life, showing three-dimensional representations of the molecules involved.

Detailed explanation-5: -The role of the helicases is to utilize the energy derived from nucleoside triphosphate hydrolysis to translocate along nucleic acid strands, unwind/separate the helical structure of double-stranded nucleic acid, and, in some cases, disrupt protein-nucleic acid interactions.