NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The lysogenic cycle: The phage infects a bacterium and inserts its DNA into the bacterial chromosome, allowing the phage DNA (now called a prophage) to be copied and passed on along with the cell’s own DNA.

Detailed explanation-2: -Prophages are bacteriophage genomes integrated into the host genome. The sequence of P. aeruginosa genomes contains several putative prophages (Table I). Based on their sequences, some prophages may appear to be active, but it is not always possible to reactivate them in vitro in laboratory conditions.

Detailed explanation-3: -Integrated viral DNA is termed the provirus.

Detailed explanation-4: -A prophage is a bacteriophage (often shortened to “phage") genome that is integrated into the circular bacterial chromosome or exists as an extrachromosomal plasmid within the bacterial cell. Integration of prophages into the bacterial host is the characteristic step of the lysogenic cycle of temperate phages.

Detailed explanation-5: -A prophage is a bacteriophage genome which is inserted and integrated into the circular bacterial DNA chromosome. This is a latent form of a phage in which the viral genes are present in the bacterium without causing disruption of the bacterial cell.