NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Antibiotics are medicines that fight infections caused by bacteria in humans and animals by either killing the bacteria or making it difficult for the bacteria to grow and multiply. Bacteria are germs. They live in the environment and all over the inside and outside of our bodies.

Detailed explanation-2: -Beta-Lactam Examples of beta-lactams include penicillin and cephalosporin, which are used to treat many types of bacterial infections.

Detailed explanation-3: -They work by killing bacteria or preventing them from spreading. But they do not work for everything. Many mild bacterial infections get better on their own without using antibiotics. Antibiotics do not work for viral infections such as colds and flu, and most coughs.

Detailed explanation-4: -Antibiotics will kill most bacteria, including the helpful bacteria in our body. But the bacteria with the advantages can survive and reproduce. The resistant bacteria can pass the DNA changes on to their offspring, or sometimes even to each other, to generate new strains of antibiotic resistant bacteria.

Detailed explanation-5: -Antibiotics work by interfering with the bacterial cell wall to prevent growth and replication of the bacteria. Human cells do not have cell walls, but many types of bacteria do, and so antibiotics can target bacteria without harming human cells.