NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Flagella are microscopic hair-like structures involved in the locomotion of a cell. The word “flagellum” means “whip”. The flagella have a whip-like appearance that helps to propel a cell through the liquid. Some special flagella are used in few organisms as sensory organs that can sense changes in pH and temperature.

Detailed explanation-2: -Flagellum is primarily a motility organelle that enables movement and chemotaxis. Bacteria can have one flagellum or several, and they can be either polar (one or several flagella at one spot) or peritrichous (several flagella all over the bacterium).

Detailed explanation-3: -Flagellar movement, or locomotion, occurs as either planar waves, oarlike beating, or three-dimensional waves. All three of these forms of flagellar locomotion consist of contraction waves that pass either from the base to the tip of the flagellum or in the reverse direction to produce forward or backward movement.

Detailed explanation-4: -Functions of Flagella. Flagella can be found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. They are long filament organelles made of several proteins that reach as much as 20 micrometers in length away from their surface on bacteria. Typically, flagella are longer than cilia and provide movement and propulsion.