NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Induction – The process by which viral DNA is switched from the lysogenic cycle to the lytic cycle. Viral Capsid Protein – A protein, translated by bacterial mechanisms from viral DNA, meant to encapsulate viral DNA and protect it from the environment while providing a delivery mechanism into the next host.

Detailed explanation-2: -The lysogenic cycle: The phage infects a bacterium and inserts its DNA into the bacterial chromosome, allowing the phage DNA (now called a prophage) to be copied and passed on along with the cell’s own DNA.

Detailed explanation-3: -The lytic cycle involves the reproduction of viruses using a host cell to manufacture more viruses; the viruses then burst out of the cell. The lysogenic cycle involves the incorporation of the viral genome into the host cell genome, infecting it from within.

Detailed explanation-4: -An example of a virus that uses the lysogenic cycle to its advantage is the Herpes Simplex Virus. After first entering the lytic cycle and infecting a human host, it enters the lysogenic cycle. This allows it to travel to the nervous system’s sensory neurons and remain undetected for long periods of time.