NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Vectors are living organisms that can transmit infectious pathogens between humans, or from animals to humans.

Detailed explanation-2: -Vector transmission utilizes insects to transport the pathogen. Insects such as fleas, ticks, and mosquitos are unharmed by the pathogens they potentially carry but can transmit the bacteria or virus when they bite a host.

Detailed explanation-3: -Some wild and domestic animals, such as cattle, pigs, dogs, raccoons, and rodents, carry the bacteria and pass them in their urine. People become ill following direct contact with urine or tissues from infected animals, or exposure to contaminated soil, food, or water.

Detailed explanation-4: -Vectors of human and animal pathogens are haematophagous, i.e. they feed on blood. They include some mosquitoes, ticks, Culicoides, sandflies, fleas and horseflies. Vector-borne diseases can be strictly human (malaria, dengue, chikungunya, Zika, etc.) or strictly animal (African swine fever, bluetongue, etc.).