NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Macrophages are effector cells of the innate immune system that phagocytose bacteria and secrete both pro-inflammatory and antimicrobial mediators. In addition, macrophages play an important role in eliminating diseased and damaged cells through their programmed cell death.

Detailed explanation-2: -Activated macrophages can use macro-autophagy, the cellular intrinsic degradation and recycling system for senescent organelles and compartments, to eliminate intracellular bacteria such as L. monocytogenes, Shigella spp., and M. tuberculosis (55).

Detailed explanation-3: -Phagocytosis and bacterial killing. Neutrophils are specialized in ingestion and intracellular killing of a large array of different bacteria, yeasts, fungi, mycoplasmas, and perhaps also viruses.

Detailed explanation-4: -Macrophage is a type of white blood cell which is a phagocyte. They are scavengers which constantly move around to remove dead cells and foreign bodies such as pathogenic microbes; this occurs by the production of compounds such as nitric oxide.

Detailed explanation-5: -Macrophages and neutrophils (phagocytes) are the front-line defenders in your body’s immune system. They seek out, ingest, and destroy pathogens and other debris through a process called phagocytosis.