NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In recent years, citric acid has been commercially produced by fungal fermentation mainly by Aspergillus. niger [2]. Citric acid is also produced commercially using mutant fungal strains of Saccharomycopsis lipolytica, [3] Penicillium simplicissimum and Aspergillus.

Detailed explanation-2: -Microbial citric acid has high economic importance and widely used in beverage, food, detergents, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger is a work horse and important cell factory in industry for the production of citric acid.

Detailed explanation-3: -Citric acid is the principal organic acid found in citrus fruits. To meet increasing demands it is produced from carbohydrate feedstock by fermentation with the fungus Aspergillus niger and the yeasts of Candida spp.

Detailed explanation-4: -Aspergillus niger is a fungal microbe of great industrial importance. This mold is used extensively in the production of citric acid and in the production of several enzymes such as amylases, pectinases, and proteases (Godfrey and West, 1996).

Detailed explanation-5: -One of the most important fungi used in industrial microbiology, Aspergillus niger, has been employed for many years for the commercial production of citric acid.