NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -It is called bioremediation. What is Bioremediation? Bioremediation is a biotechnology procedure, in which microorganisms adapted to degrade pollutants from a contaminated site are stimulated to achieve a better biodegradation rate by enrichment with fertilizers and/or oxygen.

Detailed explanation-2: -Besides, bacteria are also efficient in heavy metals bioremediation. Microorganisms have developed the capabilities to protect themselves from heavy metal toxicity by various mechanisms, such as adsorption, uptake, methylation, oxidation and reduction.

Detailed explanation-3: -Bioremediation is a branch of biotechnology that employs the use of living organisms, like microbes and bacteria, in the removal of contaminants, pollutants, and toxins from soil, water, and other environments.

Detailed explanation-4: -Among bacteria involved in bioremediation processes, most belong to the genera Alcaligens, Achromobacter, Acinetobacter, Alteromonas, Arthrobacter, Burkholderia, Bacillus, Enterobacter, Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas [22, 23].

Detailed explanation-5: -Particular agents used for bioremediation are bacteria, fungi, and algae. Bacterially-mediated processes have been used to alleviate heavy metal toxicity. Endophytic bacteria have greater potential to tolerate and remediate heavy metals stress.