NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A transgenic, or genetically modified, organism is one that has been altered through recombinant DNA technology, which involves either the combining of DNA from different genomes or the insertion of foreign DNA into a genome.

Detailed explanation-2: -Transgene: A gene from one organism inserted into another organism by recombinant DNA techniques. Transgenic organism: An organism resulting from the insertion of genetic material from another organism using recombinant DNA techniques.

Detailed explanation-3: -Recombinant DNA technology involves using enzymes and various laboratory techniques to manipulate and isolate DNA segments of interest. This method can be used to combine (or splice) DNA from different species or to create genes with new functions. The resulting copies are often referred to as recombinant DNA.

Detailed explanation-4: -Genetic Engineering: The process of manipulating the genetic material of organisms, also known as biotechnology. Gene Transfer: The introduction of new DNA into an existing organism’s cell, usually by vectors such as plasmids and modified viruses.

Detailed explanation-5: -A plasmid (also called a vector in this context) is a small circular DNA molecule that replicates independently of the chromosomal DNA in bacteria. In cloning, the plasmid molecules can be used to provide a “vehicle” in which to insert a desired DNA fragment.