NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -During active transport, substances move against the concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. This process is “active” because it requires the use of energy (usually in the form of ATP). It is the opposite of passive transport.

Detailed explanation-2: -Active transport is the movement of solutes against a gradient and requires the expenditure of energy (usually ATP).

Detailed explanation-3: -A concentration gradient occurs when the concentration of particles is higher in one area than another. In passive transport, particles will diffuse down a concentration gradient, from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration, until they are evenly spaced.

Detailed explanation-4: -The energy for active transport comes from the energy-carrying molecule called ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Active transport may also require transport proteins, such as carrier proteins, which are embedded in the plasma membrane. Two types of active transport are pump and vesicle transport.

Detailed explanation-5: -No transport processes require energy is incorrect as certain transport process needs energy. Option C. moving a solute up or down its concentration gradient is incorrect as energy is not involved while moving the solute down its concentration gradient.