NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -It has now been firmly established that mitochondria and plastids, the classical membrane-bound organelles of eukaryotic cells, evolved from bacteria by endosymbiosis.

Detailed explanation-2: -The chloroplasts from green and red algae are derived from primary endosymbiosis. Secondary endosymbiosis occurs when a eukaryotic cell engulfs a cell that has already undergone primary endosymbiosis. They have more than two sets of membranes surrounding the chloroplasts.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mitochondria and chloroplasts are essential eukaryotic organelles of endosymbiotic origin.

Detailed explanation-4: -The endosymbiotic theory states that some of the organelles in eukaryotic cells were once prokaryotic microbes. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are the same size as prokaryotic cells and divide by binary fission. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA which is circular, not linear.

Detailed explanation-5: -According to the Endosymbiotic Theory, endosymbiosis became the means by which organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts within eukaryotic cells came about.