NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Bacterial cells are prokaryotic. They possess a ‘nucleoid ’, an irregular-shaped region of the cell that contains circular DNA. Moreover, membrane-bound cell organelles are also absent in them.

Detailed explanation-2: -The cell types in Bacteria and Archaea are considered as “prokaryotes.” The use of the term prokaryote was first introduced as a result of electron microscope studies showing a shared simple cell structure among bacteria (Stanier & Van Niel 1962).

Detailed explanation-3: -Bacteria do not have a well-defined nucleus. It lacks cell organelles. It has single circular genetic material in which only one chromosome is present. Thus bacterial cell is considered as a prokaryotic cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cells fall into one of two broad categories: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. The single-celled organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea are classified as prokaryotes (pro = before; karyon– = nucleus). Animal cells, plant cells, fungi, and protists are eukaryotes (eu = true).

Detailed explanation-5: -Bacteria and archaea are all unicellular prokaryotes. Eukaryotes do have cell nuclei and their structures are more complex. Yeasts and algae are examples of unicellular eukaryotes. Unlike prokaryote cells, eukaryote cells have organelles, cell organs fulfilling important functions in the cell.