NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Chloroplasts are found only in plants and photosynthetic algae. (Humans and other animals do not have chloroplasts.) The chloroplast’s job is to carry out a process called photosynthesis. In photosynthesis, light energy is collected and used to build sugars from carbon dioxide.

Detailed explanation-2: -Photosynthesis absorbs light energy to build carbohydrates in chloroplasts, and aerobic cellular respiration releases energy by using oxygen to metabolize carbohydrates in the cytoplasm and mitochondria.

Detailed explanation-3: -Carbohydrate production occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast. The stroma is the liquid filled space between the thylakoid and inner membranes. The stroma is the site of the Calvin cycle which is the process by which carbohydrate synthesis occurs.

Detailed explanation-4: -During the light-dependent reactions, the energy from sunlight is used by the chloroplast to create energy molecules: ATP and NADPH. These energy molecules power the Calvin cycle, which creates carbohydrates (G3P) from CO2.

Detailed explanation-5: -In a plant cell, chloroplast makes sugar during the process of photosynthesis converting light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.