NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -As mentioned above, ribosomes are the molecular machines responsible for protein synthesis. A ribosome is made out of RNA and proteins, and each ribosome consists of two separate RNA-protein complexes, known as the small and large subunits.

Detailed explanation-2: -Proteins are made in small structures called ribosomes. called the endoplasmic reticulum.

Detailed explanation-3: -The rough endoplasmic reticulum has on it ribosomes, which are small, round organelles whose function it is to make those proteins.

Detailed explanation-4: -Ribosomes from various sources (prokaryotes, eukaryotic cytoplasm, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and kinetoplasts) vary in size from 20 to 30 nm in diameter, but all are composed of a large and a small subparticle or subunit and perform similar functions in protein synthesis.

Detailed explanation-5: -The ribosome is universally responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating the genetic code transcribed in mRNA into an amino acid sequence. Ribosomes use cellular accessory proteins, soluble transfer RNAs, and metabolic energy to accomplish the initiation, elongation, and termination of peptide synthesis.