NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The endoplasmic reticulum can either be smooth or rough, and in general its function is to produce proteins for the rest of the cell to function. The rough endoplasmic reticulum has on it ribosomes, which are small, round organelles whose function it is to make those proteins.

Detailed explanation-2: -The ribosome is universally responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating the genetic code transcribed in mRNA into an amino acid sequence.

Detailed explanation-3: -The nucleolus: an organelle formed by the act of building a ribosome.

Detailed explanation-4: -Synthesis of new proteins starts in the nucleus, where ribosomes get their instruction to begin the process. Sections of DNA (genes), encoding a specific protein, are copied over to messenger RNA (mRNA) strands in a process called transcription.

Detailed explanation-5: -Ribosomes are specialized cell organelles and are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Every living cell requires ribosomes for the production of proteins.