NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Smaller single-celled organisms have a high surface area to volume ratio, which allows them to rely on oxygen and material diffusing into the cell (and wastes diffusing out) in order to survive. The higher the surface area to volume ratio they have, the more effective this process can be.

Detailed explanation-2: -A high surface area to volume ratio provides a strong “driving force” to speed up thermodynamic processes that minimize free energy.

Detailed explanation-3: -As cells grow larger, the ratio of surface area to volume decreases dramatically, just like in your agar cubes. Larger cells must still transport materials across their membranes, but have a larger volume to supply and a proportionately smaller surface area through which to do so.

Detailed explanation-4: -Smaller cells have a much greater surface area to volume ratio allowing material to diffuse throughout the entire volume of the cell quickly and efficiently.

Detailed explanation-5: -As the surface area of cell increases, more oxygen can be transferred into the cell. A large surface area to volume ratio means a large surface area in proportion to the volume, to take in oxygen much faster.