NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -During active transport, a protein pump uses energy, in the form of ATP, to move molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. An example of active transport is the sodium-potassium pump, which moves sodium ions to the outside of the cell and potassium ions to the inside of the cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -Pumps are used in active transport. They move substances against their concentration gradient from low concentration to high concentration.

Detailed explanation-3: -Ion pumps are the only molecules capable of performing primary active transport. Most ion pumps of interest to us are transport ATPases, that is, they are bifunctional molecules that both hydrolyze ATP and perform the translocation of the substrate against the prevailing electrochemical gradient.

Detailed explanation-4: -Active transport may also require proteins called pumps, which are embedded in the plasma membrane. Two types of active transport are membrane pumps (such as the sodium-potassium pump) and vesicle transport.

Detailed explanation-5: -During active transport, substances move against the concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. This process is “active” because it requires the use of energy (usually in the form of ATP). It is the opposite of passive transport.