NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Bacterial flagella are filamentous organelles that drive cell locomotion. They thrust cells in liquids (swimming) or on surfaces (swarming) so that cells can move toward favorable environments.

Detailed explanation-2: -Most motile bacteria move by means of flagella. The structures and pattern of movement of prokaryotic and eukaryotic flagella are different. Eukaryotes have one to many flagella, which move in a characteristic whiplike manner. The flagella closely resemble the cilium in structure.

Detailed explanation-3: -Flagella are microscopic hair-like structures involved in the locomotion of a cell. The word “flagellum” means “whip”. The flagella have a whip-like appearance that helps to propel a cell through the liquid.

Detailed explanation-4: -Flagellin makes up the flagella filament and is a major structural protein, with up to 30 000 subunits per flagellum [107]; as such it is often an important epitope for both the host’s innate and adaptive immune responses [108].