NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The nucleus (plural, nuclei) houses the cell’s genetic material, or DNA, and is also the site of synthesis for ribosomes, the cellular machines that assemble proteins.

Detailed explanation-2: -Key Term: Nucleus The nucleus is an organelle surrounded by a double membrane that contains genetic information in the form of DNA molecules. Figure 4: A diagram showing a typical eukaryotic animal cell with the nucleus in purple in the center.

Detailed explanation-3: -Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria (where it is called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA).

Detailed explanation-4: -The nucleolus is a spherical structure found in the cell’s nucleus whose primary function is to produce and assemble the cell’s ribosomes. The nucleolus is also where ribosomal RNA genes are transcribed.

Detailed explanation-5: -Chromosomal DNA is packaged inside microscopic nuclei with the help of histones. These are positively-charged proteins that strongly adhere to negatively-charged DNA and form complexes called nucleosomes.