NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Definition. Endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes inside a cell through which proteins and other molecules move. Proteins are assembled at organelles called ribosomes.

Detailed explanation-2: -The ribosome is universally responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating the genetic code transcribed in mRNA into an amino acid sequence. Ribosomes use cellular accessory proteins, soluble transfer RNAs, and metabolic energy to accomplish the initiation, elongation, and termination of peptide synthesis.

Detailed explanation-3: -The ribosome is a complex molecule made of ribosomal RNA molecules and proteins that form a factory for protein synthesis in cells. In 1955, George E. Palade discovered ribosomes and described them as small particles in the cytoplasm that preferentially associated with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.

Detailed explanation-4: -Explanation : Nucleolus is a darkly pigmented portion of nucleus . It produces rRNA which moves from there to cytoplasm and join with proteins to form ribosomes. So it concludes that nucleolus is the portion of cell which forms ribosomes.

Detailed explanation-5: -Protein synthesis Synthesis of new proteins starts in the nucleus, where ribosomes get their instruction to begin the process. Sections of DNA (genes), encoding a specific protein, are copied over to messenger RNA (mRNA) strands in a process called transcription.